Aspect of concern is about the kinship term system in relate with term of reference and term of address. In an obscure muslim society in indonesia, women are reveredand own key property. A study of matrilineal kin relations in contemporary minangkabau. Rachel hand explains how the culture works and gives insight into a world when women run the household. Jan 12, 2017 minangkabau matriarchaat is an established social system that appears to be drawn largely from the customary practice adat that involves tracing inheritance through the matrilineal line and. Matriarchy are the minangkabau a modern matriarchy. Cara merubah file pdf menjadi word dengan pdf zill ad.
Gender inequality and the oppression of women within. Most historians, anthropologists and other scholars have concluded that a genuine matriarchy has probably never existed. This thesis examines matrilineal kin relations in contemporary minangkabau society. Members of the matrilineal clan culture minangkabau do not even have a. Indonesias minangkabau culture promotes empowered muslim. Matrilineal society, group adhering to a kinship system in which ancestral descent is traced through maternal instead of paternal lines. The matrilineal system of the culture of minangkabau places a woman as a remaining side, while a. And most sociologists would argue that we still live for the most part under a patriarchy, in which men serve as heads of almost every important social, cultural, and political institution. The minangkabau, a matriarchal society in indonesia, makes us think differently about traditional gender family roles. These relationships are the product of social interaction. Nevertheless, in negeri sembilan the matrilineal system began in the sixteenth century after the arrival of the minangkabau people of western sumatera adil, 1981. It also contains a set of rules that define how the hmong are related to. Urang minang, also known as minang, are an ethnic group native to the minangkabau highlands of west sumatra, indonesia. A lineage is a group of individuals who trace descent from a common ancestor.
Matrilineal society, group adhering to a kinship system in which ancestral descent. There are three characteristics of the matrilineal kinship system that are the strength of the community in keeping the culture alive fig. Indonesia because of its matrilineal kinship system. Minangkabau article about minangkabau by the free dictionary. The matrilineal kinship system can also be found in america, the hopi. Minangkabau as one of the tribes in indonesia, and is the only tribes who adhere to matrilineal system. Every child born will be a direct family member of the tribe of the mother, because in minangkabau descent lines drawn on the basis of mothers family.
Maliki school of housing, building and planning, universiti sains, malaysia abstract this paper studies the sustainable design and cultural elements that are found in the traditional minangkabau house in western sumatera, indonesia and in. Kinship is a term that is used to describe how people relate to one another in different cultures. The matrilineal kinship system is a kinship system that follows the maternal bloodline. Kinship term system have consequence in the rights and obligations. The minangkabaus west sumatran homelands was the seat of the pagaruyung kingdom, believed by early orientalists to have been the cradle of the malay race, and the location of the padri war. Sistem kekerabatan matrilineal minangkabau pdf downloadgolkes. But in a kinship system social recognition overrides biological facts. This site is like a library, use search box in the widget to get ebook that you want. This article aims to comprehend a kinship relation in the culture of minangkabau based on the. Muhammad rajab, minangkabau kinship system center of minangkabau. A kinship group may be a broad range or narrow range. It is in this sense that anthropologists say that primitive society is, to a large degree, organized and regulated by kinship chagnon, page 142. Minangkabau a people inhabiting western and central sumatra and a number of other regions in indonesia and in malaysia. The system of legacy in minangkabau society 123dok.
Click download or read online button to get minangkabau book now. A study of matrilineal kin relations in contemporary. Thus kinship is an interlocking system of families of orientation and procreation. In western sumatera, there are two laws which are koto. Indonesias matriarchal minangkabau offer an alternative. Matrilineal descent groups suku vary in size and segmentary organization, depending on the vicissitudes of reproductive and economic success over many generations. The minangkabau of west sumatra are as renowned for their elegant architecture as they are for their matrilineal kinship system. The kinship system of the culture of minangkabau, according to the structuralism perspective of levistrauss, places a man as a medium in communicating among clans or tribes. Soepomo, chapters on customary law, jakarta, university publishing. Matrilineality is the tracing of kinship through the female line. A structural perspective alexander stark universiti malaysia kelantan abstract the matrilineal society of the minangkabau has fascinated numerous researchers from around the world.
Negeri sembilan traditional house and western sumatera. In relation to the family genealogy and heritages the minangkabau has typical tradition called matrilineal or matriarchart system. The bodi caniago tradition was prevalent in agam, whereas the koto piliang tradition was prevalent in tanah datar kraus, 1984, p. The matrilineal system of the minangkabau and its persistence. How the matrilineal kinship system is maintained by the minangkabau diaspore within the context of social and cultural change and socio economic network. Are matrilineal kin always beneficial in a matrilineal society. Peggy reeves sanday matriarchal values and world peace.
The only ethnic of indonesia using mother line or mother genealogy as the main lineage of family heir in indonesia. The language of the minangkabau, which is similar to indonesian, belongs to the malayopolynesian language family. Pdf on jan 1, 20, alexander stark and others published the matrilineal system of the. The minangkabau of sumatra, indonesia, are the worlds largest matrilineal.
Regarding the provisions of the legal system used in inheritance this is influenced by the community group, religion and choice of law to be chosen by the heirs to determine the system of inheritance distribution of inheritance from the testator. In both communities, the marriage system is controlled by the elders without the involvement of the bride and. Matriarch, matrilineal system, minangkabau house, sustainable. Both these features arguably have been liable to some degree of romanticization, as much by minangkabau scholars as by outsiders. Changes in the kinship term system causes changes to the rights and obligations of kinship in the minangkabau society. But after years of research among the minangkabau people of indonesia. The minangkabau secretly affixed blades to the calfs horns. Minangkabau custom which follows the concept of matrilineal system has been practiced for 500 or 600 years ago hamka, 2006. Minangkabau markets a picture of an indigenous economic system.
Sistem kekerabatan matrilineal anak menghubungkan diri dengan ibunya dalam sistem kekerabatan matrilineal minangkabau di pinggiran kota padang it is known that in minangkabau which adheres to matrilineal kinship system. In a recent study, historian ken young articulated a growing consensus that the received models of minangkabau social life are suspect, including the idealised categories of nagari village, adat customs, matrilineal kinship, lineage property rights, and the autonomy of village communities governed by panghulu titled men, minangkabau. The hmong kinship system consists of a set of specific kinship terms, definitions, assignments of rights and duties, and codes of appropriate behavior to specific kinship positions or roles. Kahn tradition, matriliny and change among the minangkabau of. The matrilineal system of the minangkabau and its persistence throughout history. Indonesias minangkabau culture promotes empowered muslim women.
Soemitro in soejono and abdurahman, legal research methods, jakarta. The cognates in the minangkabau kinship structure by h. In 2002 peggy sanday revived controversies about the anthropological use of the term matriarchy by titling her study of minagkabau gender relations women at the center. The cognates in the minangkabau kinship structure jstor. In at least 100 words, compare and contrast the kinship and marriage system of the kaluli and the minangkabau. The hmong kinship system consists of a set of specific kinship terms, definitions, assignments of rights and duties, and codes of appropriate behavior to specific kinship. Implementation of low heritage health association according. It may also correlate with a social system in which each person is identified.
Hence, this activity reflects the integration of minangkabau economic organization into the social system. Minangkabau society is unique among the ethnic groups found in. The matrilineal system of the culture of minangkabau places a woman as a remaining side, while a man as a visiting side to woman house. The wedding itself usually entails several ceremonies over a fortnight. Some scholars cite myths and terms for groups as evidence of moiety and phratry organization, but these features are not actually present in minangkabau society. In the first place, one has the choice between adopting the dutch system, the indonesian which is derived from it, the british or a scientifically satisfactory one. Kinship is a system of social organization based on real or putative family ties, according to encyclopaedia britannica. The minangkabau have extensive terraced fields and garden plots in which they raise irrigated rice. Comparison between kaluli and the minangkabau marriage system and kinship system similarities both communities are organized into clans. In the 1800s, the dutch took advantage of a conflict between the guardians of minangkabau traditions and the muslim religious leaders to increase their power in the area.
Pdf pewarisan menurut hukum waris islam terhadap sistem. The property system of minangkabau acts as a preventative to the squandering of. As soon as one has to decide on a system of transliteration for the languages spoken in minangkabau and negri sembilan, one is faced by peculiar difficulties. Uncleniecenephew mamak oldest male of the suku is head of family and responsible for sisters kidsclose to own kids 2visit wife at night, but pol residence is matrilocal rights and duties. Fischer life of the social anthropologist is embittered by the careless way in which the terminology is used in the practice of his profession. Traveling through west sumatra, the striking rooftops of traditional minangkabau houses with gables that point upwards to the sky represent a. Minangkabau in minangkabau cultural center we could see home industries such as. Theorists have also supposed that matrilineal kinship systems in particular are likely to be eroded and transformed as a result of incorporation into the capitalist economy. Minangkabau, malay urang padang people of the plains, largest ethnic group on the island of sumatra, indonesia, whose traditional homeland is the westcentral highlands.
There is a minangkabau saying, to be minangkabau is to be muslim. The patrilineal system which is more dominant than the matrilineal one, to a great extent has influenced the new generation of minangkabau diaspora. Muhammad rajab, minangkabau kinship system center of minangkabau studies padang, 1969. To be outside the kinship system is to be inhuman or nonhuman.
The minangkabau who leave islam are disowned by their family and neighborhood and lose their job. Marriage and family minangkabau east southeast asia. One term is given varying meanings, whilst, on the other hand, one meaning is expressed in various terms. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. The minangkabau people took the descendant line nasab according to matrilineal descent. Study of kaluli and minangkabau communities 2 study of kaluli and minangkabau communities 1. It may also correlate with a social system in which each person is identified with their matriline their mothers lineage and which can involve the inheritance of property andor titles. According to legend, for a bullfight held in lieu of battle, the minangkabau pitted a tiny water buffalo calf against the giant beast representing the javanese invaders. In 1973 their number was estimated at more than 4 million. The minangkabau s west sumatran homelands was the seat of the pagaruyung kingdom, believed by early orientalists to have been the cradle of the malay race, and the location of the padri war. Pdf the matrilineal system of the minangkabau and its. A matriline is a line of descent from a female ancestor to a descendant of either sex in which the individuals in all intervening. Ronny hanitijo soemitro, legal research methodology and jurimetry, ghalia indonesia, jakarta, 2001. The adherence of minangkabau people to the matrilineal system is a hallmark and the most distinctive of the ethnic minangkabau.
Minangkabau weddings are an important part of the culture of the people of the minangkabau highlands, and numerous costumes, houses and related paraphernalia is reconstructed and displayed in local museums in west sumatra. Well aware that the term had been rejected by serious scholars for about a century, she provocatively decided to challenge this usage with an argument that matriarchy should be redefined to. Patrilineal societies, those that connect generations through the fathers line, dominate the worlds culture. One of the largest ethnic groups in indonesia, numbering some four million in their homeland province of west sumatra, the minangkabau are famous in indonesia for their matrilineal social system, matriarchal values and dedication to islam. Minangkabau definition, a member of an indonesian people native to westcentral sumatra. That is why kinship system includes socially recognized relationships. Minangkabau matriarchaat is an established social system that appears to be drawn largely from the customary practice adat that involves. In both communities, the marriage system is controlled by the elders without the involvement of the bride and bridegroom. The culture of minangkabau is one culture that embraces the matrilineal kinship system until now. Also, if there are many heirs and the plot of land is not large, the right to use the land may be rotated yearbyyear. In aboriginal and torres strait islander cultures, the concept of kinship is complex, and has wide implications in indigenous life and social structure learn more about this from common ground. It investigates the extent to which minangkabau maintain strong ties with. The minangkabau have extensive terraced fields and garden plots in which they raise irrigated rice, tobacco, and cinnamon, as well as fruits and vegetables.
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